surplus excess - определение. Что такое surplus excess
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Что (кто) такое surplus excess - определение

MONETARY BENEFIT THAT ACCRUES TO PARTIES TO AN ECONOMIC TRANSACTION
Surplus (economics); Producer surplus; Consumer and producer surplus; Consumer's Surplus; Marshallian surplus; Consumers' surplus; Consumers' Surplus; Producer's surplus; Consumer surplus; Producers' surplus; Producers' Surplus; Producer's Surplus; Producer Surplus; Consumer Surplus; Rule of one-half; Consumer's surplus; Consumers surplus; Producers surplus; Social surplus
  • Graph illustrating consumer (red) and producer (blue) surpluses on a supply and demand chart
  • Producer surplus

Producer's surplus         
·add. ·- Any profit above the normal rate of interest and wages accruing to a producer on account of some monopoly (temporary or permanent) of the means or materials of production;
- called also Producer's rent.
Consumer's surplus         
·add. ·- The excess that a purchaser would be willing to pay for a commodity over that he does pay, rather than go without the commodity;
- called also consumer's rent.
Excess supply         
SITUATION IN WHICH THE QUANTITY OF A GOOD OR SERVICE SUPPLIED IS MORE THAN THE QUANTITY DEMANDED
Surplus,Supply and demand
In economics, an excess supply, economic surplus market surplus or briefly surply is a situation in which the quantity of a good or service supplied is more than the quantity demanded, and the price is above the equilibrium level determined by supply and demand. That is, the quantity of the product that producers wish to sell exceeds the quantity that potential buyers are willing to buy at the prevailing price.

Википедия

Economic surplus

In mainstream economics, economic surplus, also known as total welfare or total social welfare or Marshallian surplus (after Alfred Marshall), is either of two related quantities:

  • Consumer surplus, or consumers' surplus, is the monetary gain obtained by consumers because they are able to purchase a product for a price that is less than the highest price that they would be willing to pay.
  • Producer surplus, or producers' surplus, is the amount that producers benefit by selling at a market price that is higher than the least that they would be willing to sell for; this is roughly equal to profit (since producers are not normally willing to sell at a loss and are normally indifferent to selling at a break-even price).